Melanin in their cell walls, resulting in brown pigmentation, which can be seen in histopathology specimens and Tissue and infections are referred to hyalohyphomycosis.ĭematiaceous or black molds are septate molds that contain Molds produce colorless or lightly pigmented hyphae in Subdivided as hyaline or dematiaceous molds. Opportunistic molds producing septate hyphae are further Aseptate (or sparsely septate) hyphaeĪre seen in mucormycosis, caused by molds such as MucorĪnd Rhizopus (historically referred to as Zygomycetes). This distinctionĬan be used in identifying molds in respiratory samples and That divide the hyphae into compartments, whereas aseptate or sparsely septate hyphae either lack or infrequentlyĭemonstrate these cross walls, respectively. Relevant opportunistic molds are often categorized on theīasis of their hyphae. In contrast, molds are multicellular filamentous fungi composed of hyphae that growīy branching with extension at the hyphal apices. The primary opportunistic yeasts reviewed hereĪre Candida and Cryptococcus. Rounded or elongated cells and reproduce primarily byīudding. Yeasts are unicellular fungi and exist as single Endemic fungi such as Blastomyces dermatitidisĪnd Histoplasma capsulatum, reviewed in the precedingĬhapter, are considered dimorphic fungi, growing as moldsĪt room temperature and yeast or yeastlike forms at body Increased recognition, and the availability of newer antifungal drugs provides broader therapeutic options.įungi are eukaryotic microorganisms that grow as yeasts Heightened clinical awareness of fungal infections and theĪvailability of improved diagnostics contribute to their
Therapy for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Patients and reconstitution of immunity with antiretroviral Populations, the frequency of opportunistic mycoses isĭecreasing, due to antifungal prophylaxis in high-risk Is increasing due to use of immune-modulating therapies,Ī higher frequency of invasive procedures and devices, andĬhanges in climate and regional environments.
InĬertain populations, the frequency of opportunistic mycoses The epidemiology of opportunistic mycoses is evolving.